东亚季风区近地面大气气溶胶中OCPs和PCBs纬度分布：以7Be为参照系     

杨永亮  耿存珍  李勇  张干  史双昕  朱晓华  焦杏春  谭科艳  于寒青 《地球化学》2014,(1):20-31

连续一年在北京、青岛、广州以每周3d的时间尺度同步采集近地面大气中气溶胶中7Be的测定数据以及在春、秋季节变换时期我国5个不同纬度城市大气气溶胶中7Be和典型持久性有机污染物（有机氯农药和多氯联苯1的同步观测数据,并对文献上发表的我国其他城市近地面大气中气溶胶中’Be年平均值数据进行了分析。通过对以上数据资料的总结和分析,观察到在东亚季风区近地表大气气溶胶中7Be浓度的年平均值呈现正态分布模式,并且在中纬度北纬40°N附近达到极大值。大气气溶胶中7Be在春、秋季节变换时期我国不同纬度城市的瞬时纬度分布仍呈现正态分布模式,但以30°N为最大值。在秋季大气颗粒相中HCHs和PCBs浓度最大值出现在30°N。气相中PCB-28所占百分比随纬度增高而增大,而颗粒相中PCB-28的纬度变化不大。蒸汽压较低的PCB-180在气相中的浓度基本上不随纬度变化,而颗粒相中PCB-180则基本上集中在纬度36。N左右,表明在东亚季风区大气中挥发性较低的POPs化合物具有某种纬度聚焦作用。以宇宙射线成因核素7Be作为大气环流的参照系,可以得出东亚季风区大气环流可影响持久性有机污染物纬度分布的结论。  相似文献   

Sheltered coastal environments as archives of paleo-tsunami deposits: Observations from the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami     

《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2014

The 2004 earthquake left several traces of coseismic land deformation and tsunami deposits, both on the islands along the plate boundary and distant shores of the Indian Ocean rim countries. Researchers are now exploring these sites to develop a chronology of past events. Where the coastal regions are also inundated by storm surges, there is an additional challenge to discriminate between the deposits formed by these two processes. Paleo-tsunami research relies largely on finding deposits where preservation potential is high and storm surge origin can be excluded. During the past decade of our work along the Andaman and Nicobar Islands and the east coast of India, we have observed that the 2004 tsunami deposits are best preserved in lagoons, inland streams and also on elevated terraces. Chronological evidence for older events obtained from such sites is better correlated with those from Thailand, Sri Lanka and Indonesia, reiterating their usefulness in tsunami geology studies.  相似文献   

Structural Characteristics of the Andaman Forearc Inferred from Interpretation of Multichannel Seismic Reflection Data     

Anith  GOLI  Dhananjai K. Pandey 《《地质学报》英文版》2014,88(4):1145-1156

The Andaman Forearc Basin(AFB) is asymmetric in configuration and filled with a ~6 kmthick pile of Neogene to Recent sediments(~4 s in two-way travel time:TWT) with distinct zonation.It shows gradual thinning up to ~3 km(0.8 s in TWT) towards the eastern end with a seabed gradient of 1:30.Thick deformed sediments ~2 s(TWT) of the Outerarc are associated with intense faulting and occasional folding caused by recent tectonics.Development of a series of faults within the upwarped sedimentary column of Oligocene top to Recent is observed with a rotated fault block.These features are manifestations of Recent igneous intrusion,and reveal the presence of a mild N–S compressional regime.Its effect on the AFB resulted in further uplift of sediments,which can now be seen as the Invisible Bank.Forward gravity modelling supporting our seismic interpretation reveals that it is associated with igneous intrusion from the Moho(~9 km depth),and also suggests that continental crust underlies the AFB.Strong Bottom Simulating Reflector(BSR)-like features in the Miocene sediments of Outerarc and Forearc basin at a depth of 0.6 s below the seabed suggest the inferred probable occurrence of gas hydrates in the AFB.  相似文献   

Spatiotemporal variation and mechanisms of temperature inversion in the Bay of Bengal and the eastern equatorial Indian Ocean     

K M Azam Chowdhury  Wensheng Jiang  Guimei Liu  Md Kawser Ahmed  Shaila Akhter 《海洋学报(英文版)》2022,41(4):23-39

In the northern Bay of Bengal, the existence of intense temperature inversion during winter is a widely accepted phenomenon. However, occurrences of temperature inversion during other seasons and the spatial distribution within and adjacent to the Bay of Bengal are not well understood. In this study, a higher resolution spatiotemporal variation of temperature inversion and its mechanisms are examined with mixed layer heat and salt budget analysis utilizing long-term Argo（2004 to 2020） and RAMA（2...  相似文献   

南印度洋热带气旋快速增强事件气候特征及其年际变率     

汪浩  王静  郑佳喻 《热带海洋学报》2022,41(1):94-105

利用美国联合台风预警中心的热带气旋最佳路径数据集、美国国家海洋和大气管理局的扩展重构海表温度数据、全球海洋数据同化系统的温度、盐度数据及美国国家环境预报中心/国家大气研究中心的再分析资料, 分析了1981—2019年南印度洋热带气旋快速增强事件的气候特征和年际变率。结果表明, 南印度洋热带气旋快速增强事件产生频率呈现单峰分布, 主要产生在每年的12月至次年4月。南印度洋热带气旋增强事件的产生位置呈带状分布, 其中3个高值中心分别位于马达加斯加岛东北海域、南印度洋中部海域和澳大利亚西北海域, 这主要是由于热带气旋热潜和垂直风切变两个大尺度环境变量决定的。年际变率方面, 厄尔尼诺-南方涛动对南印度洋热带气旋增强事件产生频率的调制作用是不对称的, 厄尔尼诺年与拉尼娜年南印度洋热带气旋快速增强事件均减少, 但使其减少的物理机制不同。厄尔尼诺年, 热带气旋快速增强事件减少主要是较高的垂直风切变造成的; 拉尼娜年, 热带气旋快速增强事件减少主要是由于热带气旋热潜的降低, 而海表温度、垂直风切变和相对湿度也存在一定贡献。  相似文献   

The circulation of the Indian Ocean at 32°S     

Elaine L. McDonagh  Harry L. Bryden  Brian A. King  Richard J. Sanders 《Progress in Oceanography》2008,79(1):20-36

Using inverse methods a circulation for a new section along 32°S in the Indian Ocean is derived with a maximum in the overturning stream function (or deep overturning) of 10.3 Sv at 3310 m. Shipboard and Lowered Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) data are used to inform the choice of reference level velocity for the initial geostrophic field. Our preferred solution includes a silicate constraint (−312 ± 380 kmol s⁻¹) consistent with an Indonesian throughflow of 12 Sv. The overturning changes from 12.3 Sv at 3270 m when the silicate constraint is omitted to 10.3 Sv when it is included. The deep overturning varies by only ±0.7 Sv as the silicate constraint varies from +68 to −692 kmol s⁻¹, and by ±0.3 Sv as the net flux across the section, driven by the Indonesian throughflow, varies from −7 to −17 Sv with an appropriately scaled silicate flux constraint. Thus, the overturning is insensitive to the size of the Indonesian throughflow and silicate constraint within their apriori uncertainties. We find that the use of the ADCP data adds significant detail to the horizontal circulation. These resolved circulations include the Agulhas Undercurrent, deep cyclonic gyres and deep fronts, features evidenced by long term integrators of the flow such as current meter and float measurements as well as water properties.  相似文献   

The influence of solar activity on the rainfall over India: Cycle-to-cycle variations     

K. M. Hiremath 《Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy》2006,27(2-3):367-372

We use 130 years data for studying correlative effects due to solar cycle and activity phenomena on the occurrence of rainfall over India. For the period of different solar cycles, we compute the correlation coefficients and significance of correlation coefficients for the seasonal months of Jan–Feb (JF), Mar–May (MAM), June–Sept (JJAS) and Oct–Dec (OND) and,annual mean data. We find that: (i) with a moderate-to-high significance, Indian rainfall is correlated with the sunspot activity and, (ii) there is an overall trend that during the period of low sunspot activity, occurrence of rainfall is high compared to the period of high sunspot activity. We speculate in this study a possible physical connection between the occurrence of the rainfall and the sunspot activities and, the flux of galactic cosmic rays. Some of the negative correlations between the occurrences of the sunspot and rainfall activities obtained for different solar cycle periods are interpreted as effects of aerosols on the rain forming clouds due to either intermittent volcanic eruptions or due to intrusion of interstellar dust particles in the Earth’s atmosphere.  相似文献   

Past 100 ky surface salinity-gradient response in the Eastern Arabian Sea to the summer monsoon variation recorded by δO of G. sacculifer     

Anjali R. Chodankar  Virupaxa K. Banakar  Tadamichi Oba 《Global and Planetary Change》2005,47(2-4):135

Northward flowing coastal currents along the western margin of India during winter–spring advect low-salinity Bay of Bengal water in to the Eastern Arabian Sea producing a distinct low-salinity tongue, the strength of which is largely governed by the freshwater flux to the bay during summer monsoons. Utilizing the sedimentary records of δ¹⁸O_{G. sacculifer}, we reconstructed the past salinity-gradient within that low-salinity tongue, which serves as a proxy for the variation in freshwater flux to the Bay of Bengal and hence summer monsoon intensity.The north–south contrast in the sea level corrected (residual)-δ¹⁸O_{G. sacculifer} can be interpreted as a measure of surface salinity-contrast between those two locations because the modern sea surface temperature and its past variation in the study region is nearly uniform. The core-top residual-δ¹⁸O_{G. sacculifer} contrast of 0.45‰ between the two cores is assumed to reflect the modern surface salinity difference of 1 psu and serves as a calibration for past variations.The residual-δ¹⁸O_{G. sacculifer} contrast varies between 0.2‰ at 75 ky B.P. (i.e., late-Marine Isotope Stage 5) and 0.7‰ at 20 ky B.P. (i.e., Last Glacial Maximum), suggesting that the overall salinity difference between the northern- and southern-end of the low-salinity tongue has varied between 0.6 and 1.6 psu. Considerably reduced difference during the former period than the modern suggests substantially intensified and northward-extended low-salinity tongue due to intense summer monsoons than today. On the other hand, larger difference (1.6 psu) during the latter period indicates that the low-salinity tongue was significantly weakened or withdrawn due to weaker summer monsoons. Thus, the salinity-gradient in the eastern Arabian Sea low-salinity tongue can be used to understand the past variations in the Indian summer monsoons.  相似文献   

印度洋西北部海域鸢乌贼的触腕和腕足钓捕断裂强度   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

吴国峰  周应祺  陈新军 《广东海洋大学学报》2006,26(1):31-35

鱿鱼的腕足断裂强度是影响鱿钓脱钩率的重要因素。通过现场实测,分析了印度洋西北部海域鸢乌贼(Symplectoteuthis oualaniensis)的腕足断裂强度对手钓作业脱钩率产生的影响。结果表明,鸢乌贼的每根触腕仅能承受的拉力相当于体重的0.7倍,因此,钓捕过程中,因触腕断裂造成的脱钩率接近100%;而另外的第I-IV腕足的断裂强度分别是其体重的2.30、2.05、2.06和1.87倍;5对腕足整体的平均脱钩率接近10%。  相似文献   

Southern high latitude climate anomalies associated with the Indian Ocean dipole mode     

刘娜贾贞  陈红霞华锋 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2006,24(2):125-128

1 INTRODUCTION In southern high latitudes, recent observations have shown a standing mode of ACW (Antarctic Circumpolar Wave) with eastward propagation across the Southern Ocean of the Antarctic in co- varying SST (sea surface temperature) and SLP (sea le…  相似文献